Literature Database Entry

wagner2026experimental

Tom Wagner, "Experimental Analysis of Frequency Dependency of One-Way Phase-based Ranging," Bachelor Thesis, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), TU Berlin (TUB), July 2026. (Advisors: Christos Laskos and Anatolij Zubow; Referees: Falko Dressler and Odej Kao)

Abstract

Indoor localization technologies enable many use cases such as indoor navigation or asset tracking, and Phase-based ranging over 802.11 promises low-cost indoor localization using the channel state information that many existing WiFi transceivers already provide. However, effects such as multipath propagation and signal attenuation can severely degrade the accuracy of time-of-flight ranging techniques such as phase-based ranging. The behaviour and magnitude of these effects often depend on carrier frequency, but the effect of carrier frequency on phase-based ranging has not yet been studied in detail. In this thesis, we use a pair of Software-Defined Radios to perform a large number of 802.11be over-the-air transmissions over a frequency range from 500 MHz to 7.2 GHz and use the resulting dataset of channel state information to perform one-way phase-based ranging. Because it is not possible to get absolute ranging estimates with one-way phase-based ranging due to hardware inaccuracies, we mainly evaluate the variation of ranging estimates on each carrier frequency, but are not able to account for constant errors on carrier frequencies. Our results show that at 20 MHz bandwidth and 3.7 m transmission distance, the 1000–5700 MHz range performs consistently well with estimates varying by 1–3 cm, while the estimates vary by 9–21 cm outside of this range. The differences between frequencies are, however, mostly explained by hardware characteristics and interference, and no general frequency-dependent trend of ranging accuracy is visible. We therefore conclude that carrier frequency selection should mainly aim to mini­ mize interference and account for hardware-specific variations in transmission power and reception sensitivity.

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Tom Wagner

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@phdthesis{wagner2026experimental,
    author = {Wagner, Tom},
    title = {{Experimental Analysis of Frequency Dependency of One-Way Phase-based Ranging}},
    advisor = {Laskos, Christos and Zubow, Anatolij},
    institution = {School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS)},
    location = {Berlin, Germany},
    month = {7},
    referee = {Dressler, Falko and Kao, Odej},
    school = {TU Berlin (TUB)},
    type = {Bachelor Thesis},
    year = {2026},
   }
   
   

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Last modified: 2026-09-12