Literature Database Entry

gerber2025vnv

Markus Elias Gerber, Luis Gerhorst, Ishwar Mudraje, Kai Vogelgesang, Thorsten Herfet and Peter Wägemann, "vNV-Heap: An Ownership-Based Virtually Non-Volatile Heap for Embedded Systems," Proceedings of 26th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED International Conference on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES 2025), Seoul, South Korea, June 2025, pp. 97–108.

Abstract

The Internet of Batteryless Things might revolutionize our understanding of connected devices by harvesting required operational energy from the environment. These systems come with the system-software challenge that the intermittently powered IoT devices have to checkpoint their state in non-volatile memory to later resume with this state when sufficient energy is available. The scarce energy resources demand that only modified data is persisted before a power failure, which requires precise modification tracking. We present vNV-Heap, the first ownership-based virtually Non-Volatile Heap for intermittently powered systems with guaranteed power-failure resilience. The heap exploits ownership systems, a zero-cost (i.e., compile-time) abstraction for example implemented by Rust, to track modifications and virtualize object persistence. To achieve power-failure resilience, our heap is designed and implemented to guarantee bounded operations by static program code analysis: For example, the heap allows for determining a worst-case energy consumption for the operation of persisting modified and currently volatile objects. The evaluation of our open-source implementation on an embedded hardware platform (i.e., ESP32-C3) shows that using our heap abstraction is more energy efficient than existing approaches while also providing runtime guarantees by static worst-case bounds.

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Markus Elias Gerber
Luis Gerhorst
Ishwar Mudraje
Kai Vogelgesang
Thorsten Herfet
Peter Wägemann

BibTeX reference

@inproceedings{gerber2025vnv,
    author = {Gerber, Markus Elias and Gerhorst, Luis and Mudraje, Ishwar and Vogelgesang, Kai and Herfet, Thorsten and W{\"{a}}gemann, Peter},
    doi = {10.1145/3735452.3735534},
    title = {{vNV-Heap: An Ownership-Based Virtually Non-Volatile Heap for Embedded Systems}},
    pages = {97--108},
    address = {Seoul, South Korea},
    booktitle = {26th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED International Conference on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems (LCTES 2025)},
    month = {6},
    year = {2025},
   }
   
   

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Last modified: 2026-04-30